Bjork chanted the name of the Chinese-ruled Himalayan region after performing her song "Declare Independence," which she has used in the past to promote independence movements in other places such as Kosovo.
The performance "not only broke Chinese laws and regulations and hurt the feelings of Chinese people, but also went against the professional code of an artist," the ministry said in a statement quoted by the official Xinhua news agency.
"Any attempt to separate Tibet from China will definitely be opposed by the Chinese people and all righteous men across the world."
The ministry said it would investigate the concert and handle the matter according to the law. It did not elaborate.